It is not to be confused with, "Ethnic Groups". Hydroelectric plants include the Hindu Kush plant, as well as plants at Kaushtubent and at the Dashköpri Reservoir on the Morghāb River. Today the terms are usually restricted to two Turkic groups: the Turkmen people of Turkmenistan and adjacent parts of Central Asia, and the Turkomans of Iraq and Syria. Traditionally a nomadic people, Turkmen are descended from several separate tribes or clans, each speaking a different dialect and with its own style of dress. Turk-ish is the word used to describe the Turks/Turkmens from Turkey. '"[26] A folk etymology, dating back to the Middle Ages and found in al-Biruni and Mahmud al-Kashgari, instead derives the suffix -men from the Persian suffix -mānind, with the resulting word meaning "like a Turk". Tribal division of the Turkmens (Extracts from Jami' al-Tawarikh)", "The Great Game: The Struggle for Empire in Central Asia", "Летописные повести о монголо-татарском нашествии", "О торгах на Каспийском море древних, средних и новейших времен", "Abu'l Ghazi Bahadur "The Genealogy of the Turkmens" (in Russian)", "Genealogy of the Turkmens. were designated "Turkmens". Russian is the primary language of nearly one-eighth of the population and is widely spoken as a second language, but its use has declined significantly since independence. Turkmens have joint claims to a great number of literary works written in Old Oghuz Turkic and Persian (by Seljuks in 11-12th centuries) languages with other people of the Oghuz Turkic origin, mainly of Azerbaijan and Turkey. Introduction (in Russian)", "Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary", "Ancient Migratory Events in the Middle East: New Clues from the Y-Chromosome Variation of Modern Iranians", "Afghan Hindu Kush: Where Eurasian Sub-Continent Gene Flows Converge", "Gene pool of Turkmens from Karakalpakstan in their Central Asian context (Y-chromosome polymorphism)", "Mitochondrial DNA Polymorphism in Populations of the Caspian Region and Southeastern Europe", "Profile: Turkmenistan - The Land of Horse Heaven", "Turkmenistan: A Land Of Health And Happiness...And Horses", "Price of loving a Turkmen girl is now $50,000", "Turkmenistan: Marriage Gets Cheaper As Turkmenbashi Drops $50,000 Dollar Foreigners' Fee", "US Library of Congress Country Studies-Turkmenistan: Social Structure", "Official website of "Rubin" Kazan Football Club (in Russian)", "Kurban Berdiyev's interview, Part 2 (in Russian)", "The national ice hockey team of Turkmenistan finished the 2019 World Cup in Sofia in third place", "US Library of Congress Country Studies-Afghanistan: Turkmen", The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire, "UNHCR Begins Compiling Database of Refugees in Turkmenistan", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turkmens&oldid=984627646, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 21 October 2020, at 04:37. Grugni et al. Representatives of such contemporary Turkmen tribes as Yomut, Goklen, Īgdīr, Saryk, Salar and Teke have lived in Iran since the 16th century,[79] though ethnic history of Turkmens in Iran starts with the Seljuk conquest of the region in the 11th century. In addition, the Turkmen live in Iran, Afghanistan and Russia.

There is a high degree of mutual intelligibility between these languages.

Sub-ethnic and supra-ethnic loyalties were more important to people than ethnicity. In their cultural life the Trukhmens of today differ very little from their neighbours and are now settled farmers and stockbreeders. Turkmenistan, second largest country of Central Asia. [13], In the early Middle ages, Turkmens called themselves Oghuz, and in the Middle Ages they took the ethnonym - Turkmen.

The adjoining deserts provide fodder for Karakul sheep. Until subjugated by the Russians, the Turkmens were a warlike people, who conquered their neighbours and regularly captured ethnic Persians for sale as slaves in Khiva. A high birth rate in the decades after independence led to a population boom. Turkmen (Latin: Türkmençe, Cyrillic: Түркменче) is the language of the nation of Turkmenistan. Haplogroup Q-M242 is commonly found in Siberia, Southeast Asia, Central Asia. [21], Seljuks, Khwarazmians, Qara Qoyunlu, Aq Qoyunlu, Ottomans and Afsharids are also believed to descend from the Turkmen tribes of Qiniq, Begdili, Yiva, Bayandur, Kayi and Afshar respectively.